Free-Space Path Loss Calculator
Enter frequency and distance to get the free-space path loss in dB. Add power and antenna gains to see the received signal in dBm.
The formula
FSPL (dB) = 32.45 + 20 × log10(f in MHz) + 20 × log10(d in km). Doubling the distance or the frequency adds 6 dB. Free-space loss assumes an empty, perfectly clear path: real links also lose signal to terrain, the ground, buildings and weather. The coverage map adds all of them.
Coverage values are estimates computed by MFH and are indicative only. Elevation data: SRTM, NASA/USGS (public domain). Methodology · About and limits · Live HF propagation data
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